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<p class="has-black-color has-text-color has-large-font-size">ID theft is when someone illegally poses as you, usually to get money. Know these warning signs and prevention tips.</p>
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<p class="has-black-color has-text-color has-large-font-size">Identity theft is when someone uses your personal data — your name, Social Security number, birthdate, etc. — to impersonate you, typically using that information to steal from you. The Federal Trade Commission received 1.43 million complaints of identity theft from consumers in 2021.</p>
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<p class="has-black-color has-text-color has-large-font-size">Here’s what you need to know to reduce chances you’ll be a target, spot warning signs and take quick action to minimize damage.</p>
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<h2 class="has-black-color has-text-color has-extra-large-font-size"><strong>What is identity theft?</strong></h2>
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<p class="has-black-color has-text-color has-large-font-size">Identity theft happens when someone uses your sensitive data to pose as you or steal from you. Identity thieves may drain your bank and investment accounts, open new credit lines, get utility service, steal your tax refund, use your insurance information to get medical treatments, or give police your name and address when they are arrested.</p>
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<p class="has-black-color has-text-color has-large-font-size">Frequent data breaches mean your information may already be exposed. In this new reality, it’s smart to take steps to prevent malicious actors from using your personal information and ruining your financial life.</p>
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<h2 class="has-black-color has-text-color has-extra-large-font-size">7 types of identity theft and the warning signs</h2>
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<p class="has-black-color has-text-color has-large-font-size">Once a criminal has your info, here are common ways it may be exploited:</p>
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<h3 class="has-black-color has-text-color has-large-font-size">1. Credit identity theft</h3>
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<p class="has-black-color has-text-color has-large-font-size">Credit identity theft happens when a criminal uses your personal information, such as birthdate and Social Security number, to apply for a new credit line.</p>
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<p class="has-black-color has-text-color has-large-font-size"><strong>Warning signs:</strong> You might see an unexpected change in your credit scores or an account you don’t recognize on your credit reports. You may get debt collection notices or a court judgment against you. The best way to prevent it is to freeze your credit.</p>
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<h3 class="has-black-color has-text-color has-large-font-size">2. Child identity theft</h3>
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<p class="has-black-color has-text-color has-large-font-size">Criminals steal a child’s identity and apply for credit in that child’s name. Often it is not discovered until the victim applies for college loans or other credit.</p>
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<p class="has-black-color has-text-color has-large-font-size"><strong>Warning signs:</strong> If your child is getting offers of credit cards or phone calls about late payments or debt collections, investigate. You can freeze your child's credit to prevent it.</p>
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<h3 class="has-black-color has-text-color has-large-font-size">3. Synthetic identity theft</h3>
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<p class="has-black-color has-text-color has-large-font-size">Synthetic identity theft is when criminals use a patchwork of identity details to construct a fictitious consumer, using a Social Security number — often one of a minor child or one that is simply made up — that is not yet in the credit bureaus’ database and combining it with a name and address. They then apply for loans and credit cards, often making payments for years as the credit limits grow. Then comes a "bust out," when cards are maxed out and the criminals disappear.</p>
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<p class="has-black-color has-text-color has-large-font-size"><strong>Warning signs:</strong> If you try to freeze your child’s credit and discover their Social Security number is already in use. Often it is not discovered until the child is applying for student loans. It is not always preventable, because sometimes criminals make up and use a Social Security number even before it's assigned.</p>
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<h3 class="has-black-color has-text-color has-large-font-size">4. Taxpayer identity theft</h3>
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<p class="has-black-color has-text-color has-large-font-size">Sometimes fraudsters use a Social Security number to file a tax return and steal your tax refund or tax credit.</p>
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<p class="has-black-color has-text-color has-large-font-size"><strong>Warning signs:</strong> You may be unable to e-file because someone else has already filed under that Social Security number, you get an IRS notice or letter referencing some activity you knew nothing about or IRS records suggest you worked for an employer that you did not. Filing early can help you beat criminals to filing in your name, and some states offer six-digit identity protection PINs (after a rigorous verification) with additional security.</p>
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<h3 class="has-black-color has-text-color has-large-font-size">5. Medical identity theft</h3>
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<p class="has-black-color has-text-color has-large-font-size">Using someone else’s identity to get health care services is medical identity theft. It’s particularly dangerous because it can result in medical histories being mixed, giving doctors and hospitals wrong information as they are making health care decisions.</p>
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<p class="has-black-color has-text-color has-large-font-size"><strong>Warning signs:</strong> Claims or payments on your insurance explanation of benefits that you do not recognize can suggest that someone is using your health care benefits. If you’ve fallen victim, you’ll need to both report it to your insurance company and inform your health care team to be sure information in your health care records is actually yours.</p>
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<h3 class="has-black-color has-text-color has-large-font-size">6. Account takeover</h3>
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<p class="has-black-color has-text-color has-large-font-size">Criminals use personal data to access your financial accounts, then change passwords or addresses so that you no longer have access.</p>
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<p class="has-black-color has-text-color has-large-font-size"><strong>Warning signs:</strong> An email, letter or text from your financial institution that refers to an action (like a password or email change) or transaction you don't recognize.</p>
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<h3 class="has-black-color has-text-color has-large-font-size">7. Criminal identity theft</h3>
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<p class="has-black-color has-text-color has-large-font-size">Criminal identity theft occurs when someone gives law authorities someone else’s name and address during an arrest or investigation. This is often done with false identification, such as a fake driver’s license.</p>
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<p class="has-black-color has-text-color has-large-font-size"><strong>Warning signs:</strong> You may be detained by a police officer for reasons that are unclear to you, or be denied employment or a promotion because of something found in a background check.</p>
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<h2 class="has-black-color has-text-color has-extra-large-font-size">11 ways to prevent identity theft</h2>
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<p class="has-black-color has-text-color has-large-font-size">You’re unlikely to find a fail-safe way to prevent identity theft, and monitoring services only let you know after something has gone wrong. But there are 11 things you can do to make it much harder for identity thieves.</p>
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<h3 class="has-black-color has-text-color has-large-font-size">1. Freeze your credit</h3>
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<p class="has-black-color has-text-color has-large-font-size">Freezing your credit with all three major credit bureaus — Equifax, Experian and TransUnion — restricts access to your records so new credit files cannot be opened. It’s free to freeze your credit and unfreeze when you want to open an account, and it provides the best protection against an identity thief using your data to open a new account.</p>
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<h3 class="has-black-color has-text-color has-large-font-size">2. Safeguard your Social Security number</h3>
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<p class="has-black-color has-text-color has-large-font-size">Your Social Security number is the master key to your personal data. Guard it as best you can. When you are asked for your number, ask why it is needed and how it will be protected. Don’t carry your card with you. Securely store or shred paperwork containing your Social Security number.</p>
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<h3 class="has-black-color has-text-color has-large-font-size">3. Be alert to phishing and spoofing</h3>
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<!-- wp:paragraph {"textColor":"black","fontSize":"large"} -->
<p class="has-black-color has-text-color has-large-font-size">Scammers can make phone calls appear to come from government entities or businesses, and emails that appear to be legitimate may be attempts to steal your information. Initiate a callback or return email yourself, working from a known entity such as the official website, rather than responding to a call or email. And be wary of attachments — many contain malware.</p>
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<h3 class="has-black-color has-text-color has-large-font-size">4. Use strong passwords and add an authentication step</h3>
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<p class="has-black-color has-text-color has-large-font-size">Use a password manager to create and store complex, unique passwords for your accounts. Don’t reuse passwords. Adding an authenticator app can reduce your risk. Don’t rely on security questions to keep your accounts safe; your mother’s maiden name and your pet’s name aren’t hard to find. Think carefully about what you post on social media so you don't give away key data or clues about how you answer security questions.</p>
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<h3 class="has-black-color has-text-color has-large-font-size">5. Use alerts</h3>
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<p class="has-black-color has-text-color has-large-font-size">Many financial institutions will text or email when transactions are made on your accounts. Sign up so that you know when and where your credit cards are used, when there are withdrawals or deposits to financial accounts and more.</p>
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<h3 class="has-black-color has-text-color has-large-font-size">6. Watch your mailbox</h3>
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<p class="has-black-color has-text-color has-large-font-size">Stolen mail is one of the easiest paths to a stolen identity. Have your mail held if you’re out of town. Consider a U.S. Postal Service-approved lockable mailbox. You can also sign up for Informed Delivery through the USPS, which gives you a preview of your mail so you can tell if anything is missing.</p>
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<h3 class="has-black-color has-text-color has-large-font-size">7. Shred, shred, shred</h3>
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<p class="has-black-color has-text-color has-large-font-size">Any credit card, bank or investment statements that someone could fish out of your garbage shouldn’t be there in the first place. Shred junk mail, too, especially preapproved offers of credit.</p>
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<h3 class="has-black-color has-text-color has-large-font-size">8. Use a digital wallet</h3>
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<!-- wp:paragraph {"textColor":"black","fontSize":"large"} -->
<p class="has-black-color has-text-color has-large-font-size">If you’re paying online or in a store, use a digital wallet, an app containing secure, digital versions of credit and debit cards. You can use it to shop online or at a compatible checkout terminal. Transactions are tokenized and encrypted, which makes them safer. In addition, contactless transactions have fewer health risks.</p>
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<h3 class="has-black-color has-text-color has-large-font-size">9. Protect your mobile devices</h3>
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<p class="has-black-color has-text-color has-large-font-size">Mobile devices can be a real risk. According to Javelin’s report, only 48% of us routinely lock our mobile devices. Use passwords on your electronic devices. Use a banking app rather than a mobile browser for banking.</p>
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<h3 class="has-black-color has-text-color has-large-font-size">10. Check your credit reports regularly</h3>
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<p class="has-black-color has-text-color has-large-font-size">The three major credit reporting bureaus are giving consumers access to free credit reports weekly through the end of 2023, accessible by using AnnualCreditReport.com. Check to be sure that accounts are being reported properly and watch for signs of fraud, like accounts you don't recognize. You can also sign up for a free credit report and score from NerdWallet to receive alerts when there are changes.</p>
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<h3 class="has-black-color has-text-color has-large-font-size">11. Monitor financial and medical statements</h3>
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<!-- wp:paragraph {"textColor":"black","fontSize":"large"} -->
<p class="has-black-color has-text-color has-large-font-size">Read financial statements. Make sure you recognize every transaction. Know due dates and call to investigate if you do not receive an expected bill. Review “explanation of benefits” statements to make sure you recognize the services provided to guard against health care fraud.</p>
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<h2 class="has-black-color has-text-color has-extra-large-font-size"><strong>10 ways identity theft happens</strong></h2>
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<p class="has-black-color has-text-color has-large-font-size">Here are some of the ways your personal information can be compromised:</p>
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<h3 class="has-black-color has-text-color has-large-font-size">1. Lost wallet</h3>
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<p class="has-black-color has-text-color has-large-font-size">When your wallet is lost or stolen, someone else may gain access to all the information in it.</p>
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<ul class="has-black-color has-text-color has-large-font-size"><li>Don’t carry your Social Security card or more credit cards than you use regularly, and don’t keep a list of passwords and access codes in your wallet.</li><li>Make photocopies of your credit cards, front and back, and keep them in a secure location so that you can easily call the issuer if a card or your wallet is lost. Some issuers allow you to temporarily “turn off” a lost card; with others, you have to cancel and get a new card issued.</li></ul>
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<h3 class="has-black-color has-text-color has-large-font-size">2. Mailbox theft</h3>
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<p class="has-black-color has-text-color has-large-font-size">Someone simply takes your mail or forwards your mail to a different address, so that you suddenly stop getting most mail.</p>
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<ul class="has-black-color has-text-color has-large-font-size"><li>Sign up for USPS Informed Delivery. You’ll get an email with images of the items that should be delivered to you so you’ll know if things are missing.</li><li>Choose a secure mailbox and retrieve mail promptly.</li></ul>
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<h3 class="has-black-color has-text-color has-large-font-size">3. Using public Wi-Fi</h3>
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<p class="has-black-color has-text-color has-large-font-size">Hackers may be able to see what you are doing when you use free public Wi-Fi.</p>
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<ul class="has-black-color has-text-color has-large-font-size"><li>Don’t use public Wi-Fi for shopping, banking or other sensitive transactions.</li><li>If you choose to use public Wi-Fi, use a virtual private network service to create a secure connection.</li></ul>
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<h3 class="has-black-color has-text-color has-large-font-size">4. Data breaches</h3>
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<p class="has-black-color has-text-color has-large-font-size">Hackers invade databases holding sensitive information, such as in the Equifax credit bureau hack of 2017. Almost everyone has been affected by a data breach.</p>
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<ul class="has-black-color has-text-color has-large-font-size"><li>Assume that your data is already out there and take precautions accordingly.</li><li>Check your credit scores often — unexpected changes can be a clue — and read financial and insurance statements carefully. Monitor your credit reports, especially for new accounts or inquiries resulting from credit applications.</li></ul>
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<h3 class="has-black-color has-text-color has-large-font-size">5. SIM card swap</h3>
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<!-- wp:paragraph {"textColor":"black","fontSize":"large"} -->
<p class="has-black-color has-text-color has-large-font-size">This is when someone takes over your phone number. You may stop getting calls and texts, or you may get a notice that your phone has been activated.</p>
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<ul class="has-black-color has-text-color has-large-font-size"><li>Set up a PIN or password on your cellular account.</li><li>Consider using an authentication app for accounts with sensitive financial information.</li></ul>
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<h3 class="has-black-color has-text-color has-large-font-size">6. Phishing or spoofing</h3>
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<p class="has-black-color has-text-color has-large-font-size">Some fraudsters try to get you to disclose personal data, such as credit card numbers, Social Security numbers and banking information, by sending an official-looking email. Spoofing involves doing much the same thing with caller ID, so that the number appears to be that of a trusted company or government agency.</p>
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<ul class="has-black-color has-text-color has-large-font-size"><li>Do not give out personal data in response to an email or call.</li><li>Find contact information from a trusted source, such as your bank website, and use it to verify whether the call or email is legitimate.</li></ul>
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<h3 class="has-black-color has-text-color has-large-font-size">7. Skimming</h3>
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<!-- wp:paragraph {"textColor":"black","fontSize":"large"} -->
<p class="has-black-color has-text-color has-large-font-size">Skimming is getting credit card information, often from a small device, when a credit card is used at a brick-and-mortar location such as a gas pump or ATM.</p>
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<!-- wp:list {"textColor":"black","fontSize":"large"} -->
<ul class="has-black-color has-text-color has-large-font-size"><li>Use cards with chips, which have added protections.</li><li>Pay inside at the gas station if you can, because skimming devices are more likely to be placed at unmonitored payment sites.</li><li>Detect fraudulent activity early by setting email or text alerts that let you know when your credit cards are used. If a card is used without your authorization, call the issuer immediately.</li></ul>
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<h3 class="has-black-color has-text-color has-large-font-size">8. Phone scams</h3>
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<!-- wp:paragraph {"textColor":"black","fontSize":"large"} -->
<p class="has-black-color has-text-color has-large-font-size">You may be told you have won something or even that you are in danger of being arrested. The caller claims to need personal, banking or credit information to verify your identity or to know where to send you money.</p>
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<!-- wp:list {"textColor":"black","fontSize":"large"} -->
<ul class="has-black-color has-text-color has-large-font-size"><li>Don’t give personal information out over the phone.</li><li>Be aware of common phone scams. The IRS, for example, does not initiate contact with taxpayers by phone (or email or social media) to request personal or financial information, nor does it call with threats of arrest or lawsuits.</li></ul>
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<h3 class="has-black-color has-text-color has-large-font-size">9. Looking over your shoulder</h3>
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<!-- wp:paragraph {"textColor":"black","fontSize":"large"} -->
<p class="has-black-color has-text-color has-large-font-size">Fraudsters can learn a password just by watching your fingers as you key it in. The information on your credit card can be photographed with a smartphone while you shop online in a public place. A business might leave sensitive information where people can see it.</p>
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<ul class="has-black-color has-text-color has-large-font-size"><li>Be aware of your surroundings.</li><li>Don’t leave cards where they can be seen.</li><li>Cover your hand when you key in passwords or codes.</li></ul>
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<h3 class="has-black-color has-text-color has-large-font-size">10. Malware</h3>
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<!-- wp:paragraph {"textColor":"black","fontSize":"large"} -->
<p class="has-black-color has-text-color has-large-font-size">Opening an email attachment or visiting an infected website can install malicious software on your computer, such as a keylogger. That does what it sounds like — logs every keystroke, giving criminals access to passwords, account numbers and more.</p>
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<!-- wp:list {"textColor":"black","fontSize":"large"} -->
<ul class="has-black-color has-text-color has-large-font-size"><li>Be cautious about clicking on attachments or links in emails and about the websites you visit.</li><li>Use a password manager, which lets you avoid keying in login credentials.</li></ul>
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<h2 class="has-black-color has-text-color has-extra-large-font-size"><strong>How to report identity theft</strong></h2>
<!-- /wp:heading -->

<!-- wp:paragraph {"textColor":"black","fontSize":"large"} -->
<p class="has-black-color has-text-color has-large-font-size">Identitytheft.gov is a one-stop shop for information and reporting identity theft. Start with that site, which is run by the Federal Trade Commission, and follow its recommended steps to make a recovery plan. You may also need to contact your police department, the Postal Service and the credit bureaus. The IRS has a phone line for identity theft, at 800-908-4490, and a taxpayer guide to identity theft on its website.</p>
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<p class="has-black-color has-text-color has-large-font-size">You can also go directly to your credit card issuer if your credit card was lost, stolen or used without your knowledge. If it appears someone else used your health benefit, contact your health insurer and consider contacting any involved providers to make sure someone else’s health history is not mixed with yours.</p>
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<h2 class="has-black-color has-text-color has-extra-large-font-size">What happens when you report identity theft?</h2>
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<!-- wp:paragraph {"textColor":"black","fontSize":"large"} -->
<p class="has-black-color has-text-color has-large-font-size">Reporting identity theft starts an investigation and the process of restoring your good name. The exact steps will depend on the type of identity theft.</p>
<!-- /wp:paragraph -->

<!-- wp:paragraph {"textColor":"black","fontSize":"large"} -->
<p class="has-black-color has-text-color has-large-font-size">Credit card issuers generally replace the cards with new ones with a different number, and you are back in business. Taxpayer identity theft or theft of benefits typically are resolved more slowly.</p>
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<p class="has-black-color has-text-color has-large-font-size">No matter which type of identity theft you experience, keep extensive notes about phone conversations and retain related emails.</p>
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<h2 class="has-black-color has-text-color has-extra-large-font-size">What is the best identity theft protection service?</h2>
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<p class="has-black-color has-text-color has-large-font-size">Identity theft protection services let you know that your identifying information has been used, or that it is at risk because it was exposed in a data breach. If you are a victim of identity theft, they may also guide you — and reimburse you for costs — through the process of cleaning up the mess and restoring your identity.</p>
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<p class="has-black-color has-text-color has-large-font-size">If you’re already doing all you can do to protect your identity or feel you don't have time to do it, you may want to consider an identity theft protection service. Protections vary, and most offer additional ways to protect your privacy and other services. The best choice among the paid services is one that fits your budget and offers you the coverage you care about.</p>
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<p>To read the full article, <a href="https://www.nerdwallet.com/article/finance/how-to-prevent-identity-theft">click here.</a></p>
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